The Function of Dielectric Fluid in Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM)
Cooling Function
The dielectric fluid can quickly dissipate the high temperature generated during electrical discharge, preventing excessive heat buildup in the machining area. This helps reduce the thermal deformation of the workpiece and electrode and minimizes machining defects.
Insulation Function
In the discharge gap, the dielectric fluid acts as an insulator. Discharge occurs only when the voltage rises high enough to break down the dielectric fluid, enabling precise control of the EDM process.
Chip Removal Function
During EDM, numerous fine metal particles are generated. The dielectric fluid removes these particles from the machining area, preventing them from reattaching to the workpiece surface and affecting machining accuracy.
Maintaining a Stable Discharge Gap
The fluid's flow characteristics help maintain a stable discharge gap in the machining area, ensuring uniformity and stability throughout the machining process.
Protective Function
The dielectric fluid reduces the direct impact of electric arcs on the electrode and workpiece, and it also helps to prevent surface oxidation or corrosion.
Enhancing Efficiency and Quality
By optimizing the properties of the dielectric fluid, such as viscosity and flow rate, machining efficiency can be improved, surface finish can be enhanced, and machining defects can be reduced.
Commonly used dielectric fluids in EDM include mineral oil, deionized water, and specialized synthetic media. Different dielectric fluids are suited for various machining requirements and workpiece materials.
